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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "FIND2PERL 1"
.TH FIND2PERL 1 "2021-02-02" "perl v5.16.3" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
find2perl \- translate find command lines to Perl code
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 1
\&        find2perl [paths] [predicates] | perl
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
find2perl is a little translator to convert find command lines to
equivalent Perl code.  The resulting code is typically faster than
running find itself.
.PP
\&\*(L"paths\*(R" are a set of paths where find2perl will start its searches and
\&\*(L"predicates\*(R" are taken from the following list.
.ie n .IP """! PREDICATE""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW! PREDICATE\fR" 4
.IX Item "! PREDICATE"
Negate the sense of the following predicate.  The \f(CW\*(C`!\*(C'\fR must be passed as
a distinct argument, so it may need to be surrounded by whitespace and/or
quoted from interpretation by the shell using a backslash (just as with
using \f(CWfind(1)\fR).
.ie n .IP """( PREDICATES )""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW( PREDICATES )\fR" 4
.IX Item "( PREDICATES )"
Group the given \s-1PREDICATES\s0.  The parentheses must be passed as distinct
arguments, so they may need to be surrounded by whitespace and/or
quoted from interpretation by the shell using a backslash (just as with
using \f(CWfind(1)\fR).
.ie n .IP """PREDICATE1 PREDICATE2""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWPREDICATE1 PREDICATE2\fR" 4
.IX Item "PREDICATE1 PREDICATE2"
True if _both_ \s-1PREDICATE1\s0 and \s-1PREDICATE2\s0 are true; \s-1PREDICATE2\s0 is not
evaluated if \s-1PREDICATE1\s0 is false.
.ie n .IP """PREDICATE1 \-o PREDICATE2""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWPREDICATE1 \-o PREDICATE2\fR" 4
.IX Item "PREDICATE1 -o PREDICATE2"
True if either one of \s-1PREDICATE1\s0 or \s-1PREDICATE2\s0 is true; \s-1PREDICATE2\s0 is
not evaluated if \s-1PREDICATE1\s0 is true.
.ie n .IP """\-follow""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-follow\fR" 4
.IX Item "-follow"
Follow (dereference) symlinks.  The checking of file attributes depends
on the position of the \f(CW\*(C`\-follow\*(C'\fR option. If it precedes the file
check option, an \f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fR is done which means the file check applies to the
file the symbolic link is pointing to. If \f(CW\*(C`\-follow\*(C'\fR option follows the
file check option, this now applies to the symbolic link itself, i.e.
an \f(CW\*(C`lstat\*(C'\fR is done.
.ie n .IP """\-depth""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-depth\fR" 4
.IX Item "-depth"
Change directory traversal algorithm from breadth-first to depth-first.
.ie n .IP """\-prune""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-prune\fR" 4
.IX Item "-prune"
Do not descend into the directory currently matched.
.ie n .IP """\-xdev""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-xdev\fR" 4
.IX Item "-xdev"
Do not traverse mount points (prunes search at mount-point directories).
.ie n .IP """\-name GLOB""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-name GLOB\fR" 4
.IX Item "-name GLOB"
File name matches specified \s-1GLOB\s0 wildcard pattern.  \s-1GLOB\s0 may need to be
quoted to avoid interpretation by the shell (just as with using
\&\f(CWfind(1)\fR).
.ie n .IP """\-iname GLOB""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-iname GLOB\fR" 4
.IX Item "-iname GLOB"
Like \f(CW\*(C`\-name\*(C'\fR, but the match is case insensitive.
.ie n .IP """\-path GLOB""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-path GLOB\fR" 4
.IX Item "-path GLOB"
Path name matches specified \s-1GLOB\s0 wildcard pattern.
.ie n .IP """\-ipath GLOB""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-ipath GLOB\fR" 4
.IX Item "-ipath GLOB"
Like \f(CW\*(C`\-path\*(C'\fR, but the match is case insensitive.
.ie n .IP """\-perm PERM""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-perm PERM\fR" 4
.IX Item "-perm PERM"
Low-order 9 bits of permission match octal value \s-1PERM\s0.
.ie n .IP """\-perm \-PERM""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-perm \-PERM\fR" 4
.IX Item "-perm -PERM"
The bits specified in \s-1PERM\s0 are all set in file's permissions.
.ie n .IP """\-type X""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-type X\fR" 4
.IX Item "-type X"
The file's type matches perl's \f(CW\*(C`\-X\*(C'\fR operator.
.ie n .IP """\-fstype TYPE""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-fstype TYPE\fR" 4
.IX Item "-fstype TYPE"
Filesystem of current path is of type \s-1TYPE\s0 (only NFS/non\-NFS distinction
is implemented).
.ie n .IP """\-user USER""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-user USER\fR" 4
.IX Item "-user USER"
True if \s-1USER\s0 is owner of file.
.ie n .IP """\-group GROUP""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-group GROUP\fR" 4
.IX Item "-group GROUP"
True if file's group is \s-1GROUP\s0.
.ie n .IP """\-nouser""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-nouser\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nouser"
True if file's owner is not in password database.
.ie n .IP """\-nogroup""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-nogroup\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nogroup"
True if file's group is not in group database.
.ie n .IP """\-inum INUM""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-inum INUM\fR" 4
.IX Item "-inum INUM"
True file's inode number is \s-1INUM\s0.
.ie n .IP """\-links N""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-links N\fR" 4
.IX Item "-links N"
True if (hard) link count of file matches N (see below).
.ie n .IP """\-size N""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-size N\fR" 4
.IX Item "-size N"
True if file's size matches N (see below) N is normally counted in
512\-byte blocks, but a suffix of \*(L"c\*(R" specifies that size should be
counted in characters (bytes) and a suffix of \*(L"k\*(R" specifies that
size should be counted in 1024\-byte blocks.
.ie n .IP """\-atime N""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-atime N\fR" 4
.IX Item "-atime N"
True if last-access time of file matches N (measured in days) (see
below).
.ie n .IP """\-ctime N""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-ctime N\fR" 4
.IX Item "-ctime N"
True if last-changed time of file's inode matches N (measured in days,
see below).
.ie n .IP """\-mtime N""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-mtime N\fR" 4
.IX Item "-mtime N"
True if last-modified time of file matches N (measured in days, see below).
.ie n .IP """\-newer FILE""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-newer FILE\fR" 4
.IX Item "-newer FILE"
True if last-modified time of file matches N.
.ie n .IP """\-print""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-print\fR" 4
.IX Item "-print"
Print out path of file (always true). If none of \f(CW\*(C`\-exec\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\-ls\*(C'\fR,
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-print0\*(C'\fR, or \f(CW\*(C`\-ok\*(C'\fR is specified, then \f(CW\*(C`\-print\*(C'\fR will be added
implicitly.
.ie n .IP """\-print0""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-print0\fR" 4
.IX Item "-print0"
Like \-print, but terminates with \e0 instead of \en.
.ie n .IP """\-exec OPTIONS ;""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-exec OPTIONS ;\fR" 4
.IX Item "-exec OPTIONS ;"
\&\fIexec()\fR the arguments in \s-1OPTIONS\s0 in a subprocess; any occurrence of {} in
\&\s-1OPTIONS\s0 will first be substituted with the path of the current
file.  Note that the command \*(L"rm\*(R" has been special-cased to use perl's
\&\fIunlink()\fR function instead (as an optimization).  The \f(CW\*(C`;\*(C'\fR must be passed as
a distinct argument, so it may need to be surrounded by whitespace and/or
quoted from interpretation by the shell using a backslash (just as with
using \f(CWfind(1)\fR).
.ie n .IP """\-ok OPTIONS ;""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-ok OPTIONS ;\fR" 4
.IX Item "-ok OPTIONS ;"
Like \-exec, but first prompts user; if user's response does not begin
with a y, skip the exec.  The \f(CW\*(C`;\*(C'\fR must be passed as
a distinct argument, so it may need to be surrounded by whitespace and/or
quoted from interpretation by the shell using a backslash (just as with
using \f(CWfind(1)\fR).
.ie n .IP """\-eval EXPR""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-eval EXPR\fR" 4
.IX Item "-eval EXPR"
Has the perl script \fIeval()\fR the \s-1EXPR\s0.
.ie n .IP """\-ls""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-ls\fR" 4
.IX Item "-ls"
Simulates \f(CW\*(C`\-exec ls \-dils {} ;\*(C'\fR
.ie n .IP """\-tar FILE""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-tar FILE\fR" 4
.IX Item "-tar FILE"
Adds current output to tar-format \s-1FILE\s0.
.ie n .IP """\-cpio FILE""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-cpio FILE\fR" 4
.IX Item "-cpio FILE"
Adds current output to old-style cpio-format \s-1FILE\s0.
.ie n .IP """\-ncpio FILE""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW\-ncpio FILE\fR" 4
.IX Item "-ncpio FILE"
Adds current output to \*(L"new\*(R"\-style cpio-format \s-1FILE\s0.
.PP
Predicates which take a numeric argument N can come in three forms:
.PP
.Vb 3
\&   * N is prefixed with a +: match values greater than N
\&   * N is prefixed with a \-: match values less than N
\&   * N is not prefixed with either + or \-: match only values equal to N
.Ve
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
find, File::Find.
